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Factors that increase the contractile tone of the ductus arteriosus also regulate its anatomic remodeling.
Antenatal glucocorticoids alter premature newborn lamb neuroendocrine and endocrine responses to hypoxia.
Tissue hypoxia inhibits prostaglandin and nitric oxide production and prevents ductus arteriosus reopening.
Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors constrict the fetal lamb ductus arteriosus both in vitro and in vivo.