First do no harm: infectious deaths in pediatric ALL.

In this issue of , O’Connor and colleagues describe infection-related mortality on the United Kingdom Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia Randomised Trial 2003 (UKALL 2003) for children with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia, reporting a 5-year cumulative incidence of 2.4%, with Down syndrome (DS) being the factor most predictive of increased risk.